Land marker



P. L. RAPP LAND MARKER Aug. 31, 1954 2 Sheets-Sheet l Filed July 13, 1951 JNVENTOR; Paz/ZL. RIZ/010 Allg. 31, 1954 P, RAPP 2,687,788

LAND MARKER Filed July 13, 1951 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 3f. 6a sa INVENTGR P0111 p BY A A n?,

ATTORNEY Patented Aug. 31, 1954 imsureinl 'sr-Ares: eaten i LAND .l MARKERC Paul-L Rapp, Toledo, Ohio.: Application July 13,` 1951, `Serial Nos 236,656"

`1 Claim.

This finventionrelates .to monuments or mark-- ersandhas particular'referencerto a device for use byrsurveyors or the `like in marking transit and control points in'pavements. 'Ihis application isa` continuation-.impart of copen'ding ap' plication` Serial No. $687,128, led` July 30, 1946,

. now abandoned.

Among the objects` of the invention is :to facili-y tate the accuracy and long life of markers of this type where successive layers of Wearing surface ofconcrete are to be. periodically covered `with a wearing surface ofbituminous materialor so` purposes of maintenance called black top for and repair.

Other objects ofthe invention are simplication of installation while'insuring permanencyl plishing these desirable `endsare among `further objects of the` invention, as are simplification and standardization of parts to facilitate replacements where` necessary.

Various 4other obj ectsr and` meritorious .features of the invention willbeapparentfrom `the fol-- lowing description taken in conjunction with the drawing, wherein like numerals refer tolike parts i throughout the several iigures, and wherein:

Fig, 1 .is aside elevation, partly insection, of a; complete installation;

Fig. `2 :is an enlarged `sectional elevation of the' upperend ofthe device;

Fig. 3 is a top planvview thereof.;`

Fig. 4 is a side elevation, partlyin section, of a complete installation.of` a` modiedform of the invention;

Fig: E is a section `along 5 5 lof Fig. 4*;

Fig. 6 is an enlarged sectional elevation ofthe upper end of the assembly showing thewusezof adapterwashers;

Fig. is' atop material are to bedeposited upon a permai nent base, as for instancefwherebasefistructures plan` View fof-the assemblyv shown.v

01. laila-21.3.)`

Fig. 8 is a plan view of an adapter .wlasherr` Thisuimproved.` arrangement isf the. essence of simplicity.' compatible: with. the various objects sought and comprisesa base member I lla `marke ing element or 'core rod I .2, and .an `anchor `member I4. Itis` ofextreme importance in devices of this kind that thefmarking element be firmly positioned againstilateral movement and.` against accidental .or deliberate` unauthorized` withdrawal from, the locationin .whichlit isset. It:is.,also of great importance, particularly.` where used"` as .a

as indicated .at I 6 `to receive externally threaded.

rod Iii which constitutesthe: markingxmember per se.` Itshould be noted that `therool VI2.is of` uniform` diameter throughout its length and 'constitutes` a. true cylinderv` with-.the exception of `the surface threading.

The anchor I4 is preferably in `the formo-of an ordinaryvpipe threaded intothe-lower portion of base member Ivandfrom four to six times as long` as the base member. substantially the same axial length as the base member I 0. and thefinternal-threading of said base member for. reception of -the rod need. extend only a portion ofitheaxial length of the base in order toaccomplishits intendedffunction.

It` will `be apparent as.` thez description proceeds thatthe rod: I 2, or marking member perse will always rwhen'in use-project vsomewhat above the upper endy of the ibase, |10: For that reason `the base Illzand` rod. I2 may `beof substantially thef` samexaxial dimensions While'at the same time providingsuillcientthreading` at. thel lower end J oft the f. base forI ladequate eengagement lwith the threaded :upper endnof the anchor*` I 4: The

provi'dedmvith vone or.A more'. slots, here. shown .in thefforzni' ofi transverse:- slots; If8=t and 12,0, by which the rod may be rotated with the aid of a screwdriverl or` some other'suitable` tool:`

Referring vnow:V more: *particularly` to.: Eig; 1,

Rod I2y may beof wherein the device has been illustrated as installed for use in the manner particularly contemplated, the numeral 22 represents concrete paving in which the base I and anchor I4 are embedded. Specically, I have found that for this particular purpose a rough-finish brass casting of about four inches in axial length and a wall thickness of about three-eighths of an inch constitutes a satisfactory base for reception of a one-inch brass rod approximately four inches long and provided with eight threads to the inch. The anchor pipe I4 is preferably about two feet long for the installation illustrated and may be a conventional one-inch pipe for reception of which the lower end `of base I0 is provided with a standard one-inch pipe thread. Where the concrete paving 22 is of insufcient thickness to receive both base I0 and anchor I4, a special anchoring cavity may be dug and filled with concrete for reception of and embedding the assembly.

As hitherto suggested, the rod I2 will be adjusted to project vertically beyond the upper end of the base I@ a distance corresponding substantially to the thickness of the surfacing material 24 which is to be deposited on the concrete. By reason of the thickness of the Wall of base lil the surfacing material 24, which is packed tightly about the projecting portion of rod I2 and overlies the upper end of the base, provides an additional anchor against displacement of the under surface portion of the marker assembly. The fact that the surfacing material 24 is packed about the wall of the projecting portion of rod I2 and into the threads thereof precludes any possibility of accidental rotative movement of rod I2 and consequently any accidental vertical displacement thereof with reference to the surface. However, the resistance to rotation of rod I2 oiered by the `packed surfacing material 24 is insuiiicient to hamper ready manipulation of the rod by positive action when it becomes necessary to raise the level thereof to compensate for the next additional layer of surfacing material. This improved assembly affords the additional advantage of embodying a main anchor element I4 disposed a suicientdistance below the wearing surface 24 to substantially preclude damage resulting from road shock, excessive pounding, or accidental impacts. Furthermore, should the upper portion of the assembly comprising base I6 and marker I2 be damaged, these latter two elements may very easily be replaced by simply threading a substitute base, carrying a marker, over the upper threaded end of anchor I4.

The modified arrangement illustrated in Figs. 4--8 represents an improvement over the hitherto described embodiment of the invention in that its adaptability to various thickness of surfacing is greater and the rigidity of the assembly is increased substantially. The iron pipe constituting anchor member 30 corresponds in every way to anchor member I4 described with reference to the embodiment illustrated in Figs. l-3. Base member 32 is preferably made of brass and of hexagonal or some other non-circular cross-sectional contour. The non-circularity of the margin assist in preventing minute rotation of the base over a long period of time, which rotation might be permitted by loosening of the material in which the base is sunk and caused by constant tremors developed as vehicles move over the surface.

Base member 32 is provided with a threaded internal bore 34 extending axially therethrough and adapted to receive the adjustable core member 36 which is threaded externally for reception into the threaded bore of the base.

One end of the base 32 is countersunk concentrically with reference to bore 34 as indicated at 38 and the wall of the countersink is threaded for reception of the threaded upper end 40 of anchor member 3U.

By virtue of the countersink 38 in base 32, core 3'6 may be received telescopically into the anchor pipe 30, as clearly shown in Fig. 5. The internal diameter of anchor pipe 30 is sufficient for this purpose, but the clearance provided, which is indicated at 42, is relatively small. I have found that a surrounding clearance of approximately one sixteenth of an inch is eminently suited to obtain satisfactory results.

In Fig. 5 the core 35 and base member 32 have been set to lie in the plane of an initial surfacing 44 of concrete or other material such as asphalt. When, on resurfacing, an additional thickness 4S of material is superimposed over the original surfacing, the survey point is maintained by threading core 3S upwardly to the plane of the new surface, as indicated clearly in Fig. 6. Washers 48, 50 and 52 of suitable different thicknesses may be provided for threading over the previously elevated upper end of core 36, thus in eiect extending the base member 32 upwardly to the surface of the newly laid material.

The upper or exposed end of core 36 is provided with means lying Within its confines, such as radial slots 54, for reception of a tool to rotate the core to adjusted position. The washers 48, 59 and 52 are preferably provided with oppositely disposed depressions 5B and 58 for reception of a Spanner wrench or similar tool adapted to thread the Washers over the core. While in the modification disclosed in Figs. 4 8 a single radial slot 54 only is disclosed, crossed radial slots of the type described in conjunction with Figs. 1 3 are preferred, since the point of intersection of such slots provides a centrally disposed depression adapted for use in conjunction with a centering tool when the monument is being set.

The arrangement described in conjunction with Figs. 4 8 is particularly desirable in view of its compactness and extreme limit of extensibility. By virtue of the fact that the core 36 telescopes into the tubular body of anchor pipe 30, such core may be of any desired length without limitation by way of the axial length of the bore in the base 32. The structure permitting this maximum extensibility also obtains a maximum rigidity by reason of the fact that the outside diameter of core member 36 and the inside diameter of anchor pipe or member 3i! are such as to provide a relatively small circumferential clearance, preferably no more than about a sixteenth of an inch. Due to this small clearance, any tendency of the core 38 and/ or its base member 32 to move out of ver- 'tical alignment with the embedded anchor member 36 is resisted as the telescoped lower end of the core 36 abuts the inside wall of anchor member 30. Thus the arrangement obtains maximum rigidity both in and out of use.

While certain preferred embodiments of the invention have been described, various modifications will be apparent and for that reason I wish to limit myself only within the scope of the appended claim.

I claim:

A land marker comprising an internally threaded tubular base member embedded in the surface of a roadway, a threaded countersink on the lower end of the bore of said base member, an elongated tubular anchor threaded at its upper end and coupled to the threads in said countersink, the internal diameter of said tubular anchor being greater than the internal diameter of said bore, and a threaded core having an axial length greater than said `base adjustably threaded into said bore and extending from the end thereof into said tubular anchor with sufficient clearance therebetween to permit some lateral flexibility.

Name Date Hall Oct. 8, 1889 Number Number Number 10 '755,283

Name Date Erath Dec. 13, 1892 Olds Sept. 26, 1911 Daniels Feb. 26, 1918 Gunnison July 31, 1945 Black Jan. 20, 1953 FOREIGN PATENTS Country Date France of 1933 

